Novel Insights reveal Anti-microbial Gene Regulation of Piglet Intestine Immune in response to Clostridium perfringens Infection.

LncRNA play important roles in regulation of host immune and inflammation responses in defending bacterial infection. Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) type C is one of primary bacteria leading to piglet diarrhea and other intestinal inflammatory diseases. For the differences of host immune capacity, individuals usually show resistance and susceptibility to bacterial infection. However, whether and how lncRNAs involved in modulating host immune resistance have not been reported. We have investigated the expression patterns of ileum lncRNAs of 7-day-old piglets infected by C. perfringens type C through RNA sequencing. A total of 16 lncRNAs and 126 mRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in resistance (IR) and susceptibility (IS) groups. Many lncRNAs and mRNAs were identified to regulate resistance and susceptibility of piglets through immune related pathways. Five lncRNAs may have potential function on regulating the expressions of cytokines, these lncRNAs and cytokines work together to co-regulated piglet immune response to C. perfringens, affecting host resistance and susceptibility. These results provide valuable information for understanding the functions of lncRNA and mRNA in affecting piglet diarrhea resistance of defensing to C. perfringens type C, these lncRNAs and mRNAs may be used as the important biomarkers for decreasing C. perfringens spread and diseases in human and piglets.

[Periprosthetic joint infection after artificial joint replacement and preoperative anemia].

Periprosthetic joint infection is the most serious complication after artificial joint arthroplasty. Epidemiological investigation has indicated that perioperative anemia is an independent risk factor for periprosthetic joint infection, which could play an important role by suppressing cellular mechanisms and autoimmune functions. Many domestic and overseas scholars have studied the relationship between periprosthetic joint infection and postoperative anemia, but the relationship between preoperative anemia and periprosthetic joint infection is relatively rare. However, preoperative anemia can reduce the C3b receptor on surface of red blood cells, decrease immune function of the body, increase blood-borne infection, prolong postoperative rehabilitation time, and lead to periprosthetic joint infection. For patients with preoperative anemia, prophylactic antibiotics could be used to prevent. And complement chalybeate used before operation, correct anemia by hemopoietin, treat chronic complications influence by hemoglobin production and improve patient's own immune status, blood transfusion treatment for patients with blood transfusion indications are performed. It could be better prevent occurrence of periprosthetic joint infection after total joint arthroplasty, and reducing chance of secondary or multiple renovations.